What is the Battery?
 Batteries are the device
to convert a chemical reaction into electrical energy. When the chemical
reaction starts and complete the circuit. A battery produces power
through a chemical reaction. Most chemical reactions produce energy
in the form of heat, but-by confining chemicals inside the container
and controlling the resulting reaction with a separator-batteries
produce electrical energy.
In the Battery Container
there are
Negative Current Collector that conducts electricity to the outside
circuit.In the Battery Container there are
Negative Current Collector that conducts electricity to the outside
circuit.
Electrodes-where the electrochemical reaction takes place.
Cathode- Cathodes are the electrodes reduced by the electrochemical
reaction.
Anode- Anodes are the electrodes that are oxidized.
Electrolytes actually carry the ionic current inside the battery.
Separator which separates the electrodes and holds the electrolyte
between electrodes
BATTERY TYPE
Batteries contain reversible
chemical materials and named by these materials for example Nickel
Metal Hydride (NiMH), Nickel Cadmium (NiCd), Lithium Ion (LiIon) and
Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) batteries
Some of the other type batteries named by the Electrolytes used on
the electrodesExample:Lead Acide Batteries
Active materials define voltage of the cell and number of the cell
define the total voltage.
A lead Oxide Battery has 2V nominal, most of the auto batteries made
by this type 6 cell than they have 12 V.
Producing
Power
The chemical reaction
starts when you insert a battery into a device and complete the
circuit. A battery produces power through a chemical reaction. Most
chemical reactions produce energy in the form of heat, but-by confining
chemicals inside the container and controlling the resulting reaction
with a separator-batteries produce electrical energy.
The electrolyte oxidizes the anode's material. The cathode's material
reacts with the oxidized anode's material to produce electricity.
The collector conducts the electric current out of the battery to
an external circuit, such as contact points on auto lamp or etc.
Different Type
of Starter Batteries
Conventional
type batteries are recombinable by electrolite
Maintanance-free batteries could not be recombinate because Hydrogen
and oxygen react and be water.
Properties os starter Bateries
 When the engine start
battery must produce high voltage energy.
After a lot of starting
try, battery must start the engine
Battery must bu convenient
to the most of the engine and engine r.p.m.
Battery must start the
engine under too bed air condition vold or hot
Battery must not be heavy
and big
Battery can be mountable
in a small place.
Battery must convenient
agains damages
Battery must be convenient
to use after big hits not be brocken
Recombination and using
must be easy and care
Battery must be convenient
for modern autos electronic systems request
Battary be charged slowly
and must have high reserve and long life
Battery recharging must
be speed and easy
Battary could be mountable
on different way and types
Battary must be maintanance-free.
Batteries and weather candition
When the themperature
is low battery performance start to reducing .Batteries energy production
performance be lower
At the cold weater, chemical
reaction will be slower then higher.
Under -10C°' each one degree decrease two times increase the
chemical reaction process.This stuation can be compare with the
oil under cold weater candition .
We can say that in the cold weater chemical process will be slowly
that is , more time required to complate the proces and electricity.than
battery performance will be lower.
In the cold weater recistance will increase then woltage be lover.
Effects of heating on Batteries
Batteries performance
are low when they are in connection with heating .(best weater condition
for batteries between + 10C° and +30C° )
High temperaturs damages
on the batteries could not be understood wiythout using under cold
weater candition.Reason of this damages is tha abrasion under high
temperature candition.
Problems depends on the
increasing of the speen of chemical reaction in higher temoperature.battery
produce the energy speedly it means that abration on electrodes
are increased.additionally percentage of gas increase. water boil
and be steam than dencity of acide increase whick is increase the
abrasion.
Heating problem is not
only interested weater temperature.It is also interested with the
temperature of battery then If battery near the heating place same
problem can be seen.
This stuation decrease the life of the battery.
Due to this reason,when
the battery be use under hot weater condition must be safe agains
heating effects.
Battery charging
When a lead Acide battery
charged by expernal energy power decharging proces start , electrode
move opposite way. External electric power must produce more energy
to charge
Each lead acide unit produce approximately 2V energy. According
to the aim of this charge
External energy power must have at least 2.2-2.4 V per unit and
13.2-14.4 V total energy power
A starter batteries generally charged by machine's generator. But
in any way when a battery lost its power battery charging machine
required.
Battery Charging Machine
Battery charging machine must be trustable to charge a battery,
and must have a voltage regulator.
Never use simple charge units for care
Over Loading
Over loading occure when the loading more then defined limits
Oxy-Hydrogen
Gas
Hydrogen Oxygen Gases be lost when over loading occur on the Conventional
batteries .
These Gases occur oxy-hydrogen gas mixing and this is dangeres
gas mixing.
Due to this rease charging must be done OPEN AREA or AIR CIRCULATON
MUST BE CONVENIENT
When gases be occure water be boil and make steam this stuation
decrease the temperature and electtrodes can make some demages
Lost water be full by rafined water which is occured by over loading
This stuation also decrease the life of the battery.
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